[Home] | [Faculty & Staff] | [Teaching] | [Research] | [Links] | [Feedback] | [Ceská verze]
Cellular membrane physiology
Ion distribution in the cell membrane
Transmembrane transport mechanisms
Ion membrane channels
Ion transport in excitatory cells
Mechanisms of membrane transport
Ion distribution in epithelial cells
Transport mechanisms in epithelial cells
Mechanisms of secretion in epithelial cells
Physiology of body fluids
Definition of water and solutes intake and output
Body fluid compartments
Development of body fluid compartments
Measurement of body fluid compartments
Regulation of body fluids
composition
volume
Thirst
Renal physiology
Functional morphology of nefron
Renal blood flow
measurement
regulation
Glomerular filtration
functional properties of glomerular membrane
factors determining transport
glomerular filtrate
composition
volume
glomerular filtration rate
measurement of GFR
filtration fraction
Tubular transport mechanisms
Proximal tubule
Distal tubule
transport of solutes
transport of urea
transport of amino acids
transport of glucose
measurement of tubular transport mechanisms
regulation of tubular transport mechanisms
Glomerulotubular balance
Concentration of urine
function of loop of Henle
concentration gradient in medulla
function of the collecting duct
regulation of concentration and dilution mechanisms
measurements
Urine
composition
diuresis
Kidney and regulation of body fluids
Role of kidney in regulation of acid base status
tubular mechanism of transport of
proton
bicarbonate
buffer mechanisms in urine
Function of urinary bladder
transport of urine in the urethra
intrinsic mechanism of regulation of SM in urinary bladder
neural control of urinary bladder
mechanism and regulation of micturition
Circulation
Transport function of circulation
Physical basis of blood flow
Function of the heart
Mechanism of heart contraction
isometric, isotonic contraction
series and parallel elasticity
homeometric, heterometric regulation
preload, afterload
pressure volume diagram
volume ‑ velocity curve, dP/dt
Mechanism of heart excitation
action potential in the heart muscle
ion fluxes, channels
sinus potential
ion fluxes
generation of rhythm
spreading of stimulus
relative and absolute refractory period
heart rate
regulation
ECG ‑ origins
measurement
Cardiac output
regulation
measurement
Fick principle
dilution methods
electromagnetic flowmeter
Heart sounds
Heart work
Heart metabolism
utilization of oxygen
factors determining oxygen delivery
coronary blood flow
Peripheral blood vessels
Physical concept of resistance
blood viscosity
resistance ‑ blood flow ‑ pressure
concept of closing pressure
compliance of vessels
arteriole
regulation
autoregulation
shear stress of endothelium
nerves
local factors
endothelial cells
local blood flow and metabolic needs
Blood pressure
systolic, diastolic, mean
determining factors
pressure curves
driving, intravascular and transmural pressures
effect of hydrostatic pressure
syphon effect
function of veins
measurement of blood pressure, catheterization
Capillaries
regulation of blood flow through capillaries
transport of solutes
balance between the capillary and interstitium
edema
lymph flow
Regulation of blood pressure (Prof. Herget)
Blood pressure and regional distribution of blood flow
volume of fluid compartments and
blood pressure
cardiac output
concept of Guyton
kidney ‑ fluid balance ‑ blood pressure
ANF
renin ‑ angiotensin ‑ aldosterone
baroreceptors
blood pressure and vascular morphology
Lung function
Lung ventilation
partial pressure of gas
measurement
gradients of respiratory gases
concept of alveolar ventilation
composition of alveolar air
dead spaces
Bohr equation
Lung volumes
spirometer
measurement of FRC
Mechanism of inspiration and expiration
interpleural pressure
lung compliance
pressure volume diagram
surfactant
concept of measurement
compliance of thorax wall
lung resistance
alveolar pressure
bronchial resistance
mucus secretion
regulation of bronchial smooth muscle
nerves
local factors
larynx
concept of measurement of lung resistance
resistance of thorax
Regional pulmonary resistance and compliance
distribution of inspired gas
measurement
regional lung blood flow
matching the blood flow and ventilation
hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction
concept of alveolar dead space and venous admixture
Fehn and Rahn diagram
regional lung distribution of V/Q
effect of gravity
Function of pulmonary capillary
lung diffusion of gases
transfer factor
relation of lung diffusion and V/Q
limitation of diffusion
limitation perfusion
metabolic function of pulmonary capillary
ion and water transport in lungs
Control of breathing
Neural
origin of rhythmicity
regulation of inspiration and expiration
feedback from the lung tissue
feedback from the chest wall
cortical influences
speech
Chemical
carotid and aortic bodies
mechanism of oxygen sensing
effect of hypoxia on lung ventilation
on lung volumes
central chemoreceptors
mechanism of CO2 sensing in central chemoreceptors
interaction of CO2 and O2 in control of breathing
breathing and acid base status
breathing in sleep
breathing in exercise
breathing at high altitude
voluntary apnoe
diving
Reflexes from the lungs
caugh
Pulmonary circulation
blood pressures
measurement
compliance of pulmonary blood vessels
causes of low pulmonary vascular resistance
critical closing pressure of lung vessels
effect of gravity
mechanical interaction of breathing and lung blood flow
regulation of pulmonary vascular resistance
Foetal circulation
reconstruction of circulation after the birth
Heart ‑ lung interactions
Physiology of Blood
Red blood cells
production
formation of haemoglobin
destruction of red blood cells
Neutrophils and macrophages
general characteristics
defensive properties
adhesion, adhesive molecules
fagocytosis
mechanism of activation
production of
ROS
enzymes and cytotoxic factors
physiology of inflammation
Blood groups
0 ‑ A ‑ B
Rh
transfusion
Hemostasis and blood coagulation
hemostasis
vasoconstriciton
formation of platelet plug
coagulation
conversion of prothrombin ‑ thrombin
conversion of fibrinogen ‑ fibrin
formation of prothrombin activator complex
lysis of blood cloth, plasmin
concept of procoagulation and anticoagulation balance
Transport of blood gases
Transport of oxygen
amount of oxygen in blood
function of hemoglobin
saturation, partial pressure
hemoglobin dissociation curve
adult
foetal
factors influencing oxygen dissociation curve
Types of hypoxia
Transport of carbon dioxide
Henderson ‑ Hasselbalch equation
effects of carbonic anhydrase
forms of CO2 transport in the blood
Interaction of O2 and CO2 transport mechanisms
Endocrinology
autocrine, paracrine and endocrine regulations
hormones, types, structure
physiology receptors for hormones
Thyroid gland
hormones
iodine metabolism, trapping
transport of thyroid hormones
metabolism of thyroid hormones
effect of thyroid hormones
ontogenesis
regulation of thyroid secretion
Pancreas
insulin, secretion, metabolism
blood transport
receptors
effects
regulation
glucagon
effects
regulation
Endocrine regulation of carbohydrate metabolism
Adrenal gland
medulla
structure and metabolism of hormones
regulation of secretion
cortex
structure and metabolism of hormones
transport
ACTH
effects of glucocortcoids
role in inflammation
effects of mineralocorticoids
adrenalectomy
concept of stress
Regulation of calcium metabolism
metabolism of Ca and P
physiology of bone
calcitonin
parathormon
regulation of secretion
Vitamin D
Pituitary gland (hypophysis)
overview of pituitary hormones
hormones of the middle lobe
STH
structure, metabolism, regulation
receptors
somatomedins
physiology of growth
Gonads
ontogenetic development
puberty
hypophysial gonadotropins
System renin-angiotensin
erythropoetin
ANP
epiphysis
Physiology of sexual activity
function of male sexual organs
regulation
function of female sexual organs
regulation
menstruation
central regulation of sexual behaviour
physiology of coitus
contraception
Physiology of energy metabolism and nutrition
energy metabolism
measurement, RQ
energetic balance
physiology of nutrition
vitamins
minerals
Physiology of gastrointestinal tract
Mechanisms of digestion
Regulation of gastrointestinal tract
gastrointestinal hormones
mechanism of swallowing
function of the stomach
secretion of pepsin
secretion of HCl
motility
regulation of secretion and motility
exocrine secretion of pancreas
small intestine
secretion
regulation of secretion
types of motility
regulation of motility
large intestine
resorption mechanisms
regulation of motility
defecation
physiology of intestinal immunologic mechanisms
Metabolic function of liver
Bile function and secretion
Metabolism and excretion of bilirubin
Function and regulation of gallbladder
Neurophysiology
Introduction to neurophysiology.
Review of anatomical and histological principles of neurophysiology.
General neurophysiology
The neuron and the glial cell; the blood‑brain barrier
Metabolism and nutrition of the neural tissue
Types of neurons (Golgi I and II) and neural circuits
Basic functions of synapses
Review of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators
Ionotropic and metabotropic mechanisms of synaptic transmission
G protein and second messengers
Electrophysiology of the neuron
The resting membrane potential: Ionic and electric gradients
Action potentials: Properties of excitable membranes
The absolute and relative refractory periods
Myelinated nerves ‑ saltatory conduction
Postsynaptic potentials, excitation and inhibition
Generator potentials in receptors
Accommodation of the nerve fibre and adaptation of the receptor
Recording and stimulation of neural cells
Electrical properties of a volume conductor, extracellular recording and stimulation.
EEG, event related potentials, chronaxy, the Pflüger's law.
Reflex and non‑reflex activity
Learning and memory
Systemic neurophysiology
General design of the nervous system
The peripheral nervous system
Organization of the central nervous system
Principles of development of the central nervous system
Functions of the spinal cord
Physiology of the brain stem: the medulla, the pons, the mesencephalon
Functions of the thalamus and physiology of pain
Hypothalamus and the autonomic nervous system
Motor functions: The cerebral cortex, the basal ganglia and the cerebellum. Pyramidal and extrapyramidal systems.
The cerebral cortex and intellectual brain functions
Sleep and wakefulness, modulatory systems of the brain.
Motivation and emotions.
Neurophysiology of vision and hearing.
The chemical senses of taste and hearing
[Home] | [Faculty & Staff] | [Teaching] | [Research] | [Links] | [Feedback] | [Ceská verze]